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Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

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A Method for Lineage Tracing of Corneal Cells Using Multi-color Fluorescent Reporter Mice

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Diagnosing Corneal Pigmentation in Small Animals.

Amber Labelle¹, Philippe Labelle²

¹Practice Owner, Bright Light Veterinary Eye Care, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice

|February 22, 2023

Summary

Corneal pigmentation, caused by melanin in epithelial cells, can impair vision. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of this condition and associated ocular surface issues.

Keywords:

Brachycephalic Cornea Melanin Pigment Pigmentary keratitis Pigmentation Small animal

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Veterinary Ophthalmology
Corneal Diseases

Background:

Corneal transparency is essential for vision.
Corneal pigmentation involves melanin accumulation in epithelial cells, leading to visual impairment.
Differential diagnosis is necessary to distinguish corneal pigmentation from other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the causes and differential diagnoses of corneal pigmentation.
To highlight associated ocular surface conditions.
To emphasize the importance of accurate etiologic diagnosis for treatment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of corneal pigmentation.
Analysis of differential diagnostic criteria.
Discussion of associated ocular surface diseases.

Main Results:

Corneal pigmentation requires exclusion of conditions like corneal sequestrum, foreign bodies, melanocytoma, iris prolapse, and dermoids.
Associated conditions include tear film deficiency, adnexal disease, ulceration, and breed-specific syndromes.
Accurate diagnosis is key to successful management.

Conclusions:

Corneal pigmentation is a significant condition affecting vision.
Comprehensive evaluation is needed to identify underlying causes and associated diseases.
Effective treatment relies on precise etiologic diagnosis.