Modern Approaches to Alternative Flap-Based Breast Reconstruction: Transverse Upper Gracilis Flap

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Reconstructive Surgery
• Microsurgery

Background:

• The transverse upper gracilis myocutaneous flap is a reconstructive option for breast augmentation.
• It is typically considered when abdominal donor sites are unsuitable for autologous reconstruction.
• This flap utilizes the medial circumflex femoral artery, ensuring consistent vascular supply.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the transverse upper gracilis flap as a secondary choice for autologous breast reconstruction.
• To assess its efficacy in patients without suitable abdominal donor sites.
• To identify limitations and potential augmentation strategies for this flap.

Main Methods:

• Harvesting of the transverse upper gracilis myocutaneous flap based on the medial circumflex femoral artery.
• Application of the flap for small to moderate-sized breast reconstruction.
• Assessment of flap reliability, donor site morbidity, and achievable volume.

Main Results:

• The flap demonstrates consistent and reliable anatomy, facilitating expedient harvest.
• Donor site morbidity is relatively low.
• A primary limitation is the restricted achievable volume, often necessitating further augmentation.

Conclusions:

• The transverse upper gracilis flap is a viable secondary option for autologous breast reconstruction.
• Its reliable vascular supply and low donor site morbidity are advantageous.
• Augmentation techniques are frequently required to achieve desired breast volume.