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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Satellite Ocean Colour: Current Status and Future Perspective.

Steve Groom1,2, Shubha Sathyendranath1,2, Yai Ban3

  • 1Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom.

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|February 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ocean colour data are vital for understanding marine ecosystems and climate change. Future satellite missions will provide consistent, long-term ocean colour records for improved climate impact assessment and operational monitoring.

Keywords:
capacity buildingclimate data recordsground-segmentocean colourphytoplanktonwater-quality

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Area of Science:

  • Earth and Marine Sciences
  • Remote Sensing
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Spectrally resolved water-leaving radiances (ocean colour) and chlorophyll concentration are crucial for studying phytoplankton dynamics, marine biogeochemistry, and global carbon cycling.
  • Ocean colour data are essential for monitoring coastal eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and sediment plumes.
  • A 21-year contiguous ocean-colour record exists, but merging data from diverse missions (MERIS, Aqua-MODIS, SeaWiFS, VIIRS, OLCI) is challenging due to differing sensor characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the current status and future prospects of satellite ocean colour observations.
  • To review user requirements for ocean colour products and uncertainty characteristics.
  • To outline the features of current and future satellite ocean colour sensors and their applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing ocean colour missions and data merging techniques.
  • Description of current and planned satellite sensors for ocean colour observation.
  • Highlighting the importance of in situ validation, calibration, and data processing ground segments.

Main Results:

  • The next decade promises consistent ocean colour observations from operational series with similar sensor designs and replacement strategies.
  • By 2029, ocean colour records will be long enough to distinguish climate change impacts from natural variability in some regions.
  • The paper details user requirements, sensor characteristics, and applications, including climate data records and operational monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Future satellite ocean colour missions will provide a consistent, long-term record crucial for climate change studies and operational applications.
  • Continued advancements in sensor technology, data processing, and in situ validation are essential for maximizing the utility of ocean colour data.
  • Capacity building and training are vital to ensure effective use of ocean colour data for scientific research and societal benefit.