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Patterns of acute pediatric intoxication in Aljouf Province, KSA

Mahrous A Ibrahim1,2, Khaled N Alfahd3, Abdulaziz T Alruwaili3

  • 1Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, KSA.

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences
|February 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Childhood intoxication in Aljouf, KSA, primarily affects young children, with pharmaceutical drugs being the leading cause. Enhancing caregiver awareness and prevention strategies are crucial to reduce pediatric intoxication rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Toxicology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood intoxication is a significant global health concern, contributing to morbidity and mortality.
  • Preventable causes of childhood poisoning necessitate understanding local patterns and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the patterns and outcomes of acute pediatric intoxication in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
  • To identify key demographic and exposure-related factors associated with pediatric intoxication.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective descriptive study analyzed 540 cases of acute intoxication in children under 18 years (2015-2021).
  • Data included demographics, exposure details, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes.
  • Logistic regression identified predictors of accidental intoxication.

Main Results:

  • The majority of cases (79%) involved children aged 1 to <6 years. Pharmaceutical drugs accounted for 41% of poisonings.
  • Most children (84%) were asymptomatic on admission; gastrointestinal symptoms were most common in symptomatic cases.
  • Complete recovery was observed in 43% of cases, with 29.4% discharged against medical advice. Age and urban/rural residence predicted accidental intoxication.

Conclusions:

  • Acute pediatric intoxication poses a significant public health challenge in Aljouf, KSA.
  • Increased caregiver awareness of toxic agents and risk factors is essential.
  • Implementing effective prevention strategies is vital to reduce the incidence of pediatric intoxication.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute toxicityAljoufChild healthPediatric toxicityToxic agent

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