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Planar MIMO antenna for mmWave applications: Evolution, present status & future scope.

Parveez Shariff B G1, Pallavi R Mane1, Pradeep Kumar2

  • 1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.

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|February 23, 2023
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Summary

Millimeter wave (mmWave) MIMO antennas are crucial for 5G, overcoming 4G limitations. This paper reviews planar MIMO antenna designs for enhanced mmWave communication performance.

Keywords:
DGSEBG-Based antennaMIMO antennaMetamaterialSlot antennaVivaldi antennammWave

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless communication engineering
  • Antenna theory and design
  • Electromagnetics

Background:

  • Increasing data demands from e-commerce, cloud services, and streaming necessitate higher data rates beyond 4G capabilities.
  • Millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum offers wide bandwidth and low latency, making it essential for 5G cellular applications.
  • Single-element patch antennas face limitations in bandwidth, gain, and efficiency for mmWave, driving the need for advanced antenna solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and categorize planar MIMO antenna structures developed for mmWave applications.
  • To compare the performance of various mmWave MIMO antenna designs based on key metrics.
  • To discuss design challenges and future research directions for mmWave MIMO antennas.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of planar MIMO antennas into types: slot, coplanar waveguide, defected ground structures, tapered/Vivaldi, meta-surface/metamaterial, dielectric resonator, and flexible antennas.
  • Comparative analysis of antenna designs based on bandwidth, gain, isolation, efficiency, and radiation pattern.
  • Discussion on the impact of structural elements like slots and decoupling structures on antenna performance.

Main Results:

  • Array antennas and MIMO technology significantly enhance bandwidth, gain, efficiency, and data rates compared to single-element antennas.
  • Different planar MIMO antenna structures exhibit varying performance characteristics suitable for specific mmWave applications.
  • Understanding the effects of design features on impedance matching, bandwidth, and isolation is critical for optimization.

Conclusions:

  • Planar MIMO antenna structures are vital for achieving high data rates and performance in mmWave 5G systems.
  • The review provides a comprehensive overview of current mmWave MIMO antenna designs, aiding future research and development.
  • Further investigation into design issues and innovative solutions is necessary to fully exploit mmWave technology potential.