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Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Hybrid Printing for the Fabrication of Smart Sensors

Hybrid Printing for the Fabrication of Smart Sensors

Published on: January 31, 2019

Multi-stimuli-responsive and dynamic color tunable security ink for multilevel anticounterfeiting.

Charu Dubey¹, Anjana Yadav¹, Diksha Baloni¹

¹Department of Physical Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan, India.

Methods and Applications in Fluorescence

|February 23, 2023

Summary

We developed a novel luminescent security ink with multiple stimuli-responsive properties for advanced anticounterfeiting applications. This ink offers distinct emissions and dynamic color changes, enhancing security against counterfeiters.

Keywords:

dynamic anticounterfeiting lanthanide multi-level anticounterfeiting multi-stimuli-responsive luminescent security ink photoluminescence upconversion

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Published on: May 22, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optics
Chemistry

Background:

Luminescent security features are crucial for anticounterfeiting, requiring continuous innovation to surpass counterfeiters.
Existing security inks often lack multi-stimuli responsiveness and dynamic anticounterfeiting capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a multi-stimuli-responsive luminescent security ink for advanced anticounterfeiting.
To incorporate multiple luminescent materials with distinct excitation and emission properties into a single ink formulation.

Main Methods:

Formulation of a luminescent security ink using terbium acetylacetonate phenanthroline complex (Tb(ASA)3Phen), potassium hexafluorosilicate doped with manganese (K2SiF6:Mn4+), and sodium yttrium fluoride doped with ytterbium and erbium (NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+) in a PVC gold medium.
Characterization of luminescent properties under various excitation sources (UV, visible, and near-infrared laser).
Analysis of emission spectra, excitation bands, and luminescence lifetimes for dynamic anticounterfeiting assessment.

Main Results:

The ink exhibits distinct greenish, red, and green emissions under 367 nm, 450 nm, and 976 nm excitations, respectively.
Incorporated luminescent materials (Tb(ASA)3Phen and K2SiF6:Mn4+) show different luminescence lifetimes (0.1708 ms and 8.165 ms) under 380 nm excitation.
The ink demonstrates dynamic anticounterfeiting potential with a visible color change from greenish-yellow to reddish over a 7.5 ms delay after excitation removal.

Conclusions:

The developed multi-stimuli-responsive luminescent ink offers unique optical signatures and dynamic anticounterfeiting capabilities.
Excellent photo-, chemical-, and environmental stability further enhance its suitability for advanced security applications.
This novel ink provides a robust solution against sophisticated counterfeiting methods.