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Related Concept Videos

Shock Waves01:16

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While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
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Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

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The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

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Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

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Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
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Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
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Shockwave-based THz emission in air.

Hsin-Hui Huang, Takeshi Nagashima, Koji Hatanaka

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    Investigating terahertz (THz) emission from laser-induced air breakdown, this study found enhanced THz intensity and polarization control by using a pre-pulse to shape shockwave fronts for main pulse interaction.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Optics
    • Plasma Physics

    Background:

    • Terahertz (THz) emission is crucial for various applications.
    • Controlling THz emission properties like intensity and polarization is challenging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate THz emission enhancement and polarization control in air.
    • To explore the influence of laser-induced shockwave fronts on THz generation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing polarization-sensitive THz time-domain spectroscopy.
    • Employing time-resolved imaging to observe plasma dynamics.
    • Irradiating air with a pair of femtosecond laser pulses with controlled time and spatial offsets.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved up to a 13-fold enhancement in THz emission intensity.
    • Demonstrated THz emission polarization aligned with the shockwave expansion direction.
    • Observed that asymmetric shockwave density profiles dictate THz polarization.

    Conclusions:

    • Pre-pulse induced shockwave fronts significantly enhance and control THz emission.
    • Electron diffusion in asymmetric density profiles is a key mechanism for THz polarization.