The Relationship between Postexercise Hypotension and Heart Rate Variability before and after Exercise Training
Burak T Cilhoroz1, Amanda Zaleski2,3, Beth Taylor2
1Department of Exercise Science, Falk College of Sports and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|February 24, 2023
Summary
Individuals with hypertension and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) experience greater postexercise hypotension (PEH). Resting HRV may predict PEH response, regardless of aerobic training status.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Exercise Science
- Hypertension Research
Background:
- Postexercise hypotension (PEH) is a phenomenon where blood pressure remains lower after exercise.
- Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomic nervous system activity and is often altered in hypertension.
- Data linking PEH and HRV in hypertensive adults undergoing aerobic training are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and postexercise hypotension (PEH).
- To examine how aerobic exercise training influences PEH and HRV in adults with hypertension.
- To identify predictors of PEH response in this population.
Main Methods:
- Eighteen middle-aged adults with hypertension and obesity participated in a 12-week aerobic training program.
- Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and 5-minute resting electrocardiogram (ECG) for HRV assessment were conducted before and after training.
- Participants underwent graded exercise stress tests (GEST) and non-exercise control (CONTROL) conditions.
Main Results:
- Before training, HRV parameters (high frequency, low/high frequency ratio) and resting blood pressure predicted systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses.
- After training, HRV parameters (standard deviation of NN intervals) and resting blood pressure were significant predictors of blood pressure reduction.
- Individuals with lower HRV (parasympathetic suppression) exhibited a greater PEH response, independent of training status.
Conclusions:
- Resting heart rate variability (HRV) appears to be a significant determinant of postexercise hypotension (PEH) in adults with hypertension.
- Parasympathetic activity, indicated by HRV, may influence the magnitude of blood pressure reduction following exercise.
- These findings suggest that HRV could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting PEH response in hypertensive individuals.
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