Primary and Secondary Prevention Interventions to Reduce Risk Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in High-Risk...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Preventive Medicine
• Genetics

Background:

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA.
• Individuals with a family history or genetic predisposition face elevated CRC risk.
• Effective primary and secondary prevention strategies are crucial for high-risk populations.

Approach:

• Systematic literature review of PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO.
• Identified 16 articles for full-text review, categorizing interventions into drug and non-drug types.
• Analyzed intervention effectiveness for individuals with a family history of CRC or Lynch syndrome (LS) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

Key Points:

• Non-drug interventions primarily focused on enhancing CRC screening adherence.
• Drug interventions explored the use of NSAIDs for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
• A significant lack of racial and ethnic diversity was observed across the reviewed studies.

Conclusions:

• Tailored interventions demonstrate particular efficacy in boosting CRC screening rates.
• Future research must prioritize sample diversity to address existing racial and ethnic disparities in CRC prevention.
• Further investigation into drug interventions for specific genetic predispositions is warranted.