Propolis and Their Active Constituents for Chronic Diseases

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

• Propolis is a resinous mixture produced by honeybees, containing diverse phytoconstituents.
• It has a long history of traditional use and is increasingly valued in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
• Propolis composition varies based on bee species, plant source, climate, and season, with over 300 identified molecular structures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the beneficial effects of propolis and its active constituents on chronic diseases.
• To explore the credible mechanisms and computational studies supporting propolis' therapeutic potential.
• To highlight propolis as an alternative therapy for globally prevalent chronic diseases.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific studies on propolis and its constituents.
• Analysis of pharmacological activities including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.
• Examination of clinical trials and computational studies investigating propolis' efficacy.

Main Results:

• Propolis exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticaries effects.
• Clinical trials indicate propolis' potency in preventing and treating certain chronic diseases.
• Specific molecular structures within propolis, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, are key to its therapeutic actions.

Conclusions:

• Propolis and its constituents represent a promising natural alternative for managing and potentially treating chronic diseases.
• Further research into propolis' mechanisms of action and clinical applications is warranted.
• The diverse chemical profile of propolis underpins its broad spectrum of health benefits.