Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics01:14

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

5.2K
Experimentally, if object A is in equilibrium with object B, and object B is in equilibrium with object C, then object A is in equilibrium with object C. That statement of transitivity is called the "zeroth law of thermodynamics." For example, a cold metal block and a hot metal block are both placed on a metal plate at room temperature. Eventually, the cold block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the hot block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium.
5.2K
Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

5.2K
A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
Consider an example of  tea boiling in a kettle. The...
5.2K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

12.5K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
12.5K
Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

906
Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
906
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

387
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
387
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.2K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Short-wavelength mesophases in the ground states of core-softened particles in two-dimensions.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

Impact of charge distribution on the stability of ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals.

Soft matter·2025
Same author

On the mechanism behind the inverse melting in systems with competing interactions.

Scientific reports·2019
Same author

Phase-change switching in 2D via soft interactions.

Soft matter·2018
Same journal

Research on a Regional Availability Evaluation Model for Road-Area High-Entropy Energy Based on Synergy Factors.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Atmospheric Turbulence Channel Modeling and Performance Analysis of a CO-ZP-OFDM Coherent Optical Communication System for UAV Air-to-Ground Scenarios.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Information Geometry and Asymptotic Theory for SMML Estimators.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Correlation Entropy and Power-Law Kinetics.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Research on the Contagion of Systemic Financial Risk Under the Impact of Climate Risks-From the Perspective of Complex Networks and Machine Learning.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

The Statistical-Mechanical Meaning of the Wave Function of Quantum Mechanics.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures
08:53

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures

Published on: October 9, 2012

17.7K

Ultrasoft Classical Systems at Zero Temperature.

Matheus de Mello1,2, Rogelio Díaz-Méndez3, Alejandro Mendoza-Coto2,4

  • 1Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Classical ultrasoft particle systems self-assemble into clusters at low temperatures. This study derives analytical expressions for energy and density in coexistence regions for ultrasoft potentials at zero temperature.

Keywords:
GEM-α modelclassical ground statesoft-core interaction potential

More Related Videos

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.5K
Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride
04:51

Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride

Published on: July 8, 2021

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures
08:53

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures

Published on: October 9, 2012

17.7K
Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.5K
Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride
04:51

Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride

Published on: July 8, 2021

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Classical ultrasoft particle systems exhibit complex phase behavior at low temperatures through self-assembly.
  • Understanding particle cluster formation and phase transitions is crucial in condensed matter physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive analytical expressions for energy and density intervals of coexistence regions for general ultrasoft pairwise potentials at zero temperature.
  • To investigate the ground state properties of these systems in two and three dimensions with integer cluster occupancy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an expansion in the inverse of the number of particles per cluster for accurate calculations.
  • Analyzing general ultrasoft pairwise potentials at zero temperature.
  • Studying systems in both two and three dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Analytical expressions for energy and density of coexistence regions were obtained.
  • The ground state properties were determined considering integer cluster occupancy.
  • The derived expressions were validated using the Generalized Exponential Model α across different density regimes.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding phase behavior in ultrasoft particle systems at low temperatures.
  • The derived analytical expressions offer accurate predictions for energy and density in coexistence regions.
  • The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of self-assembly and phase transitions in soft matter.