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Postpartum Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report
Amrit Bhusal1, Anu Shrestha1, Vitasta Muskan1
1BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012)
|February 27, 2023
Summary
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare postpartum neurological disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin are crucial for recovery in affected mothers.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Obstetrics
Background:
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by symmetrical weakness and areflexia.
- While rare during pregnancy, GBS incidence increases postpartum.
- Management typically involves intravenous immunoglobulin or conservative measures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of GBS in the postpartum period.
- To highlight the importance of high clinical suspicion for GBS in postpartum women presenting with neurological symptoms.
Main Methods:
- A case presentation of a 27-year-old female on postpartum day 20 with progressive weakness in extremities.
- Diagnostic workup included cerebrospinal fluid analysis and nerve conduction studies.
- Treatment involved a 5-day course of intravenous immunoglobulin.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with ascending muscle paralysis affecting lower and upper extremities.
- Cerebrospinal fluid showed albuminocytologic dissociation.
- Nerve conduction studies indicated nerve in-excitability.
Conclusions:
- Postpartum GBS is exceptionally rare, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
- Ascending paralysis in postpartum women warrants prompt evaluation for GBS, even without preceding illness.
- Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care improve maternal and fetal prognosis.
