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Related Concept Videos

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Base-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides02:26

Base-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides

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Due to their highly strained structures, epoxides can readily undergo ring-opening reactions through nucleophilic substitution, either in the presence of an acid or a base. The nucleophilic substitution reactions in the presence of acid are called acid-catalyzed ring-opening reactions, and nucleophilic substitution reactions in the presence of a base are called base-catalyzed ring-opening reactions. Epoxides undergo base-catalyzed ring-opening reactions in the presence of a strong nucleophile...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
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Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides02:24

Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides

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Epoxides that are three-membered ring systems are more reactive than other cyclic and acyclic ethers. The high reactivity of epoxides originates from the strain present in the ring. This ring strain acts as a driving force for epoxides to undergo ring-opening reactions either with halogen acids or weak nucleophiles in the presence of mild acid. The acid catalyst converts the epoxide oxygen, a poor leaving group, into an oxonium ion, a better leaving group, making the reaction feasible. The...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
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Phosphonate-Functionalized Polycarbonates Synthesis through Ring-Opening Polymerization and Alternative Approaches.

Hien The Ho1, Nam Hoai Nguyen1, Marion Rollet1

  • 1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Chemistry Department, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Saint Jérôme Campus, 13397 Marseille, France.

Polymers
|February 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization synthesized well-defined phosphonate-functionalized polycarbonate. This method allows for creating diverse phosphonate-containing polymers (PC) through copolymerization and post-modification.

Keywords:
phosphonate-functionalized polycarbonatepost-modificationring-opening polymerization (ROP)“click” chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis

Background:

  • Polycarbonates (PC) are versatile polymers with broad applications.
  • Developing functionalized polycarbonates with tailored properties is an active research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize well-defined phosphonate-functionalized polycarbonate.
  • To explore copolymerization for diverse polymer structures.
  • To investigate post-modification strategies for functionalization.

Main Methods:

  • Organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of novel phosphonate-based cyclic monomers.
  • Copolymerization of phosphonate monomers with other cyclic monomers.
  • Post-modification of synthesized polycarbonates.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized phosphonate-functionalized polycarbonate with low dispersity (Đ = 1.22).
  • Achieved diverse phosphonate-containing polymer structures via copolymerization.
  • Demonstrated successful functionalization through a combined ROP and post-modification approach.

Conclusions:

  • Organocatalyzed ROP is an effective method for creating controlled phosphonate-functionalized polycarbonates.
  • Copolymerization and post-modification offer versatile routes to tailor polymer architecture and properties.