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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Long noncoding RNAs are substrates for cytoplasmic capping enzyme.

Avik Mukherjee1, Safirul Islam1, Rachel E Kieser2

  • 1Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.

FEBS Letters
|March 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cytoplasmic capping protects specific mRNAs from degradation. This study investigates if the cytoplasmic capping enzyme (cCE) also caps long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), finding evidence that it does.

Keywords:
5′-RACECAGEcytoplasmic cappinglncRNAuncapped RNA ends

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Cytoplasmic capping is a known mechanism for protecting messenger RNAs (mRNAs) from degradation.
  • Previously, uncapped mRNAs were presumed to be rapidly degraded.
  • The role of cytoplasmic capping in the regulation of noncoding RNAs remained unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are substrates of the cytoplasmic capping enzyme (cCE).
  • To determine the subcellular localization of sarcoma-associated lncRNAs.
  • To assess the impact of inhibiting cCE on the abundance of uncapped lncRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Subcellular localization analysis of 14 sarcoma-associated lncRNAs in U2OS osteosarcoma cells.
  • 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) to detect uncapped lncRNA forms.
  • Inhibition of cytoplasmic capping enzyme activity.
  • Analysis of public cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) data.

Main Results:

  • Inhibition of cCE led to an increase in uncapped forms of specific lncRNAs.
  • Subcellular localization studies provided insights into lncRNA distribution.
  • Analysis of CAGE data revealed increased prevalence of 5'-RACE cloned sequences, supporting cCE targeting.

Conclusions:

  • The cytoplasmic capping enzyme (cCE) plausibly targets and caps certain long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
  • This suggests a novel regulatory role for cytoplasmic capping beyond mRNA stabilization.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the functional implications of cCE activity on lncRNAs in cancer.