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Related Concept Videos

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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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Prevalence and Incidence01:08

Prevalence and Incidence

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In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
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Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023.

Rebecca L Siegel1, Nikita Sandeep Wagle1, Andrea Cercek2

  • 1Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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|March 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly diagnosed at younger ages and later stages. This trend, particularly in those under 50, necessitates further research into causes and improved screening access for all populations.

Keywords:
colon and rectum neoplasmsearly-onset colorectal cancerepidemiologyhealth disparitiesscreening and early detection

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death in the U.S.
  • Recent trends show a concerning rise in CRC incidence among younger populations.
  • The American Cancer Society provides annual updates on CRC statistics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze current trends in colorectal cancer incidence, mortality, and stage at diagnosis.
  • To identify demographic shifts, including age, race, and tumor location.
  • To highlight areas for accelerated progress in combating CRC.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of incidence data from population-based cancer registries.
  • Review of mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
  • Examination of trends from 1995 to 2019/2020, with projections for 2023.

Main Results:

  • CRC incidence decline has slowed, with a 1%-2% annual increase in individuals younger than 55 since the mid-1990s.
  • The proportion of advanced-stage CRC diagnoses has increased, reversing earlier trends.
  • Mortality rates are rising in individuals under 50 and specific Native American populations.

Conclusions:

  • Colorectal cancer is shifting towards younger diagnoses, more advanced stages, and left-sided/rectal tumors.
  • Understanding the etiology of rising incidence in younger generations is crucial.
  • Enhanced screening access and targeted interventions are needed, especially for underserved groups.