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Versatile all-digital transport-of-intensity based wavefront sensor and adaptive optics using a DMD.

Keshaan Singh, Angela Dudley, Andrew Forbes

    Optics Express
    |March 2, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) system for fast and accurate wavefront phase retrieval. The all-digital approach enables real-time adaptive optics correction across various applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Wavefront Sensing and Adaptive Optics

    Background:

    • Wavefront aberration measurement is crucial in diverse fields like ophthalmology, astronomy, and microscopy.
    • Current methods often rely on intensity measurements to infer phase, with transport-of-intensity being a key technique.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel, all-digital scheme for dynamic wavefront phase retrieval and adaptive optics correction.
    • To demonstrate a versatile, cost-effective, and high-resolution method using a digital micro-mirror device (DMD).

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) to perform angular spectrum propagation for phase retrieval.
    • Employed the transport-of-intensity equation to extract wavefront information.
    • Implemented a second DMD for conjugate phase modulation in an adaptive optics system.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully extracted wavefronts, including Zernike aberrations and turbulent phase screens, at multiple wavelengths and polarizations.
    • Demonstrated real-time adaptive optics correction with effective distortion compensation.
    • Achieved high resolution, tuneable sensitivity, and broadband, polarization-invariant wavefront recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed DMD-based system offers a versatile, fast, accurate, and compact solution for wavefront sensing and adaptive optics.
    • This all-digital approach simplifies and enhances phase retrieval and correction capabilities for various optical applications.