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Predicting preventive behaviors against COVID-19: A structural equation modeling approach from Iran
Fatemeh Bastami1, Soraya Nouraei Motlagh1, Seyedeh Faezeh Rahimzadeh2
1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health
|March 2, 2023
Summary
The Health Belief Model (HBM) successfully predicted COVID-19 preventive behaviors, with perceived self-efficacy being the strongest predictor. Understanding HBM constructs can guide interventions to promote public health measures.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Epidemiology
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic necessitates understanding preventive behavior adoption.
- The Health Belief Model (HBM) provides a framework for analyzing health-related actions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To predict the adoption of preventive behaviors against COVID-19.
- To utilize the Health Belief Model (HBM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) for prediction.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive-analytical study was conducted with 831 participants in Iran.
- Data were collected using an HBM-based questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS and AMOS software.
Main Results:
- The HBM constructs explained 31.7% of the variance in COVID-19 preventive behaviors.
- Perceived self-efficacy (0.370), perceived barriers (-0.294), and perceived benefits (0.270) were the most influential factors.
Conclusions:
- Educational interventions focusing on self-efficacy, barriers, and benefits can enhance COVID-19 preventive behaviors.
- Targeted interventions can improve adherence to public health guidelines.
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