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How does attention deficit hyperactivity disorder affect children's road-crossing? A case-control study.
Zahra Tabibi1,2, David C Schwebel3, Mahboobeh Hashemi Juzdani1
1Department of Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Traffic Injury Prevention
|March 3, 2023
Summary
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit riskier pedestrian behaviors. Executive dysfunction, not attention, correlated with unsafe street crossings in both ADHD and typically-developing children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Psychology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Traffic Safety
Background:
- Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face heightened risks of pedestrian injury due to attention and inhibition deficits.
- Understanding pedestrian skill differences and their correlates is crucial for injury prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare pedestrian skills between children with ADHD and typically-developing children.
- To investigate the relationship between pedestrian skills, attention, inhibition, and executive function in both groups.
Main Methods:
- Fifty children (56% with ADHD) aged 9 years participated.
- Assessed attention and impulse control using IVA+Plus; evaluated pedestrian skills via Mobile Virtual Reality (MVR).
- Utilized the Barkley's Deficits in Executive Functions Scale-Child & Adolescents (BDEFS-CA) for executive function assessment.
Main Results:
- Children with ADHD showed significantly poorer performance on attention, impulse control, and executive function measures.
- ADHD group exhibited more unsafe street crossings in the MVR task.
- Executive dysfunction was positively correlated with unsafe crossings in both groups; attentional measures were not significant predictors.
Conclusions:
- Children with ADHD demonstrate riskier pedestrian behavior, indicating a higher risk for pedestrian injuries.
- Executive function deficits are linked to unsafe street-crossing behaviors in both children with ADHD and typically-developing children.
- Findings have implications for parenting and professional interventions to enhance child pedestrian safety.
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