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The prototype willingness model: An application to adolescent driver speeding.

David Rodwell1, Lyndel Bates2, Grégoire S Larue3

  • 1Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation (AusHSI), School of Public Health and Social Work, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Faculty of Health, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.

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The Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) effectively predicts teen speeding. Social comparison tendency did not influence the relationship between prototypes and willingness, suggesting potential for interventions targeting speeding driver prototypes.

Keywords:
IntentionsNovice driverRisk-takingSocial comparisonTeen driver

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Traffic Safety
  • Adolescent Behavior

Background:

  • Young drivers are frequently involved in speeding-related crashes.
  • The Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) is used to explain adolescent risky driving, but its constructs are often inconsistently measured.
  • The PWM's social reaction pathway, involving self-to-prototype comparison, requires further examination, especially regarding social comparison's role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate teen drivers' intentions, expectations, and willingness to speed using PWM constructs aligned with original conceptualizations.
  • To examine the influence of dispositional social comparison tendency on the PWM's social reaction pathway.

Main Methods:

  • 211 adolescents completed an online survey measuring PWM constructs and social comparison tendency.
  • Hierarchical multiple regression analyzed the influence of perceived vulnerability, norms, and prototypes on speeding.
  • Moderation analysis assessed the impact of social comparison tendency on prototype perceptions and willingness.

Main Results:

  • Regression models significantly explained variance in speeding intentions (39%), expectations (49%), and willingness (30%).
  • No evidence was found that social comparison tendency moderates the relationship between prototype perceptions and willingness to speed.

Conclusions:

  • The PWM is a valuable tool for predicting adolescent risky driving behavior.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the non-moderating role of social comparison tendency in the social reaction pathway.
  • Theoretical development of the PWM may be necessary.