Polydopamine-encapsulated cap-like mesoporous silica based delivery system for responsive pesticide release and high...

Nanopesticides formulation has been applied in modern agriculture, but the effective deposition of pesticides on plant surfaces is still a critical challenge. Here, we developed a cap-like mesoporous silica (C-mSiO₂) carrier for pesticide delivery. The C-mSiO₂ carriers with surface amino groups present uniform cap-like shape and have an mean diameter of 300 nm and width of 100 nm. This structure would reduce the rolling and bouncing of carriers on plant leaves, leading to improving the foliage deposition and retention. After loading dinotefuran (DIN), polydopamine (PDA) was used to encapsulate the pesticide (DIN@C-mSiO₂@PDA). The C-mSiO₂ carriers exhibit high drug loading efficiency (24.7%) and benign biocompatibility on bacteria and seed. Except for pH/NIR response release, the DIN@C-mSiO₂@PDA exhibited excellent photostability under UV irradiation. Moreover, the insecticidal activity of DIN@C-mSiO₂@PDA was comparable to that of pure DIN and DIN commercial suspension (CS-DIN). This carrier system has the potential for improving the foliage retention and utilization of pesticides.