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Dynamic Changes in Peripheral Systemic Immunity Markers During Chemotherapy in HER2-negative Advanced Breast Cancer.

Takaaki Masuda¹, Hiroaki Ueo², Yuta Okumura³

¹Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan.

Cancer Genomics & Proteomics

|March 4, 2023

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Changes in immune markers like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) during chemotherapy vary by drug, indicating differential effects. A decreasing NLR correlates with better treatment outcomes and progression-free survival in advanced breast cancer (BC).

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Pharmacology

Background:

The immune system significantly influences chemotherapy response in breast cancer (BC).
Immune status during BC treatment remains incompletely understood.
This study investigates dynamic changes in peripheral immune markers during chemotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate sequential changes in peripheral immune markers during chemotherapy for breast cancer.
To correlate these immune marker changes with treatment efficacy and survival outcomes.
To explore the differential immunomodulatory effects of various chemotherapy regimens.

Main Methods:

Correlated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) with cytolytic activity (CYT) score in 84 BC patients.

Keywords:

ALC Breast cancer NLR chemotherapy immunity

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Monitored sequential immune marker changes in 172 HER2-negative advanced BC patients receiving different chemotherapy drugs (S-1, epirubicin/cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel/bevacizumab, eribulin).

Examined correlations between immune marker changes, time to treatment failure (TTF), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Main Results:

Found a negative correlation between ALC and NLR; low ALC/high NLR associated with low CYT.
Observed varying ratios of ALC increase and NLR decrease depending on the chemotherapy agent.
A higher NLR decrease ratio correlated with longer TTF (responders) and improved PFS.

Conclusions:

Immune marker changes (ALC, NLR) differ based on chemotherapy drugs, suggesting distinct immunomodulatory effects.
NLR dynamics during treatment can serve as an indicator of chemotherapy efficacy in advanced breast cancer.
NLR decrease shows promise as a predictive biomarker for treatment response and survival.