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Rapid-Onset Temporal Encephalitis With Negative Cerebrospinal Fluid Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing
Davong D Phrathep1, Ali El-Husari1, Kevin D Healey2
1College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA.
Herpes simplex encephalitis can present atypically. Even with negative herpes simplex virus (HSV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, clinical suspicion and imaging may warrant acyclovir treatment for encephalitis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a severe neurological condition.
- Temporal lobe involvement and positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for herpes simplex virus (HSV) are typical presentations.
- HSV PCR demonstrates high sensitivity (96%) and specificity (99%) but can yield false negatives.
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