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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

18
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
18
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

18
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
18
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

24
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
24
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

10
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
10
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

21
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
21
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

14
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
14

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Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA in Rat
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Endocarditis by Streptococcus pasteurianus.

Catarina Pereira1, Fernando Nogueira1, José Cunha Marques1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT.

Cureus
|March 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case highlights a challenging diagnosis of infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus pasteurianus. Early identification and treatment are crucial for managing this rare but serious bloodstream infection.

Keywords:
blood culturecytopeniaendocarditisstreptococcus gallolyticusstreptococcus pasteurianus

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) diagnosis is complex due to variable presentations and nonspecific symptoms.
  • Unusual etiological agents can further complicate IE diagnosis, requiring a high index of suspicion.
  • The case involves a female patient with a history of bicytopenia, severe aortic stenosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Observation:

  • The patient presented with asthenia and general malaise over several consultations.
  • Streptococcus pasteurianus was initially isolated in a blood culture but not valued.
  • The patient was re-hospitalized months later with recurrent symptoms.

Findings:

  • Repeat blood cultures confirmed Streptococcus pasteurianus isolation.
  • Splenic infarctions and transthoracic echocardiography indicated probable endocarditis.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of recognizing Streptococcus pasteurianus as a potential IE pathogen.
  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis, even with initially overlooked findings, is vital for effective treatment.
  • Surgical intervention was necessary to address the perivalvular abscess and aortic prosthesis.