Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

587
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
587
Protein Dynamics in Living Cells01:19

Protein Dynamics in Living Cells

2.2K
Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...
2.2K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

29.1K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
29.1K
Predicting Reaction Outcomes02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

8.5K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
8.5K
Distribution of Molecular Speeds01:27

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

4.0K
The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This predictable distribution of molecular speeds is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. The distribution of molecular speeds in liquids is comparable to that of gases but not identical and can help to understand the phenomenon of the boiling and vapor pressure of a liquid. Consider that a molecule requires a...
4.0K
Mean free path and Mean free time01:22

Mean free path and Mean free time

3.8K
Consider the gas molecules in a cylinder. They move in a random motion as they collide with each other and change speed and direction. The average of all the path lengths between collisions is known as the "mean free path."
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

SAMJ: fast image annotation on ImageJ/Fiji via segment anything model.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Automated Optimization of Bacterial Tracking Pipelines With TrackMate 8.

Current protocols·2026
Same author

Detecting directed motion and confinement in single-particle trajectories using hidden variables.

eLife·2026
Same author

EpiCure (Epithelial Curation): a versatile and handy tool for curation of epithelial segmentation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Uniform dynamics of cohesin-mediated loop extrusion in living human cells.

Nature genetics·2025
Same author

Backtracking metabolic dynamics in single cells predicts bacterial replication in human macrophages.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes
10:43

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes

Published on: July 19, 2022

2.4K

ExTrack characterizes transition kinetics and diffusion in noisy single-particle tracks.

François Simon1,2, Jean-Yves Tinevez3, Sven van Teeffelen1,2

  • 1Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal , Montréal, Quebec, Canada.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|March 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

ExTrack is a new probabilistic method that enhances the analysis of noisy single-particle tracking data. It improves the study of protein dynamics in live cells by refining molecule positions and revealing motion state transitions.

More Related Videos

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules
10:20

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.3K
A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking
10:16

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

Published on: January 3, 2018

15.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes
10:43

Single-Molecule Diffusion and Assembly on Polymer-Crowded Lipid Membranes

Published on: July 19, 2022

2.4K
Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules
10:20

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.3K
A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking
10:16

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

Published on: January 3, 2018

15.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Single-particle tracking (SPT) microscopy is vital for studying protein dynamics in live cells.
  • Analysis challenges include noisy localization, short tracks, and rapid state transitions (e.g., immobile to diffusive).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce ExTrack, a probabilistic method for analyzing SPT data.
  • To overcome limitations in analyzing noisy and complex single-particle tracks.

Main Methods:

  • ExTrack utilizes full spatio-temporal track information.
  • It extracts global model parameters and calculates time-point state probabilities.
  • The method refines positions of bound molecules and reveals state duration distributions.

Main Results:

  • ExTrack effectively analyzes tracks with a wide range of diffusion coefficients and transition rates.
  • It performs well even when experimental data deviate from model assumptions.
  • Demonstrated success on bacterial envelope proteins with slow diffusion and rapid transitions.

Conclusions:

  • ExTrack significantly expands the scope of computationally analyzable noisy single-particle tracks.
  • The method enhances the understanding of protein dynamics and molecular interactions.
  • ExTrack is available as an ImageJ and Python package for broader accessibility.