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Human heuristics for AI-generated language are flawed.

Maurice Jakesch1,2, Jeffrey T Hancock3, Mor Naaman1,2

  • 1Department of Information Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850.

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|March 7, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humans struggle to identify AI-generated text in personal communication, even with advanced AI models. Flawed human heuristics make AI text seem more human, raising concerns about deception.

Keywords:
cognitive heuristicshuman–AI interactionlanguage generationrisks of AI

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Language Processing
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Human communication increasingly incorporates AI-generated language across various platforms.
  • AI-generated text is often indistinguishable from human writing, posing risks of deception and manipulation.
  • Verbal self-presentations are a critical form of personal communication where AI detection is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate humans' ability to discern AI-generated self-presentations from human-written ones.
  • To identify the linguistic features and cognitive heuristics influencing human judgment of AI-generated text.
  • To explore methods for mitigating the deceptive potential of AI-generated language.

Main Methods:

  • Six experiments involving 4,600 participants across professional, hospitality, and dating contexts.
  • Computational analysis of language features in both human and AI-generated text.
  • Experimental manipulation of heuristics to assess their impact on AI detection accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Participants were largely unable to detect AI-generated self-presentations.
  • Human judgment was hindered by intuitive heuristics (e.g., use of first-person pronouns, contractions, personal topics).
  • These heuristics make AI-generated language predictable and manipulable, appearing 'more human than human.'

Conclusions:

  • Current AI language models can produce text that effectively evades human detection in personal contexts.
  • Flawed human heuristics create vulnerabilities for AI-driven deception in communication.
  • Developing strategies like 'AI accents' is necessary to reduce the deceptive potential of AI-generated language.