RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1

The aim: To find the risk factors of microalbuminuria and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods: One hundred ten patients of type 1 diabetes mellitus in this cross-sectional study at diabetic and endocrinology center in Al-Najaf during the period from September 2021 to March 2022. All patients were asked about sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, smoking, duration of DM type1, family history of DM type1), measured (body mass index BMI, blood pressure) and laboratory investigations done to all patients (G.U.E, s. creatinine, lipid profile, HBA1C, calculated estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and Spot Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (ACR).

Results: Out of 110 patients, 62 male and 48 female, the mean age was (22±12). The patients with microalbuminuria (ACR ≥ 30 mg/g) show statistically significant with increase HBA1C, duration of DM type 1, total cholesterol (T.C), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and family history of DM type 1, while there were not statistically significant with age, gender, smoking, BMI, eGFR, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and hypertension. Patients with eGFR<90mL/min/1.73m2 show statistically significant with increase HBA1C, duration of DM type1, LDL, TG, T.C, while significantly decrease in HDL and there were not statistically significant with age, gender, smoking, family history of DM type 1, BMI and hypertension.

Conclusions: The degree of glycemic control, duration of type1 (DM) and dyslipidemia were associated with increased microalbuminuria and reduced eGFR (nephropathy). Family history of DM type1 was risk factor for microalbuminuria.