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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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Exopolysaccharides from vaginal lactobacilli modulate microbial biofilms.

Barbara Giordani1, Marina Naldi1, Vanessa Croatti1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

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Lactobacilli exopolysaccharides (EPS) promote beneficial lactobacilli biofilm formation while inhibiting pathogenic biofilms. These EPS show potential as postbiotics for preventing vaginal infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Medical Science

Background:

  • Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from beneficial lactobacilli have known positive effects.
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding their impact on opportunistic vaginal pathogens and lactobacilli biofilms.
  • EPS were isolated from Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus gasseri species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize Lactobacillus-derived EPS.
  • To evaluate the effect of EPS on lactobacilli biofilm formation.
  • To assess the inhibitory effect of EPS on pathogenic biofilms.

Main Methods:

  • EPS isolation and lyophilization from cultural supernatants.
  • Chemical characterization of EPS using Liquid Chromatography (LC) with UV and Mass Spectrometry (MS).
  • Biofilm formation assays using Crystal Violet (CV) staining and MTT assay to evaluate EPS effects on lactobacilli and pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Isolated EPS were heteropolysaccharides, primarily composed of D-mannose (40-52%) and D-glucose (11-30%).
  • Lactobacillus EPS dose-dependently stimulated lactobacilli biofilm formation (up to 195% increase in biomass).
  • EPS inhibited bacterial and fungal pathogen biofilm formation, with L. gasseri EPS being more effective (up to 86% inhibition).

Conclusions:

  • Lactobacilli-derived EPS enhance lactobacilli biofilm formation.
  • EPS effectively prevent opportunistic pathogen biofilm formation.
  • EPS hold potential as postbiotics for therapeutic and preventive strategies against vaginal infections.