Mitochondrial toxicity induced by linezolid causing lactic acidosis

Area of Science:

• Mitochondrial toxicity
• Drug-induced complications
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Linezolid is a widely used antibiotic.
• Lactic acidosis is a serious adverse effect.
• Mitochondrial dysfunction is a proposed mechanism.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a case of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis.
• To highlight the clinical presentation and pathophysiology.
• To discuss management strategies.

Main Methods:

• Case report.
• Review of clinical presentation.
• Analysis of biochemical and hematological findings.
• Discussion of treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with persistent lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and shock.
• Mitochondrial toxicity was evidenced by cytoplasmic vacuolations in bone marrow precursors.
• Discontinuation of linezolid, thiamine administration, and hemodialysis led to reduced lactic acid levels.

Conclusions:

• Linezolid-induced lactic acidosis is a rare, life-threatening condition.
• Mitochondrial toxicity is the underlying mechanism.
• Early recognition and intervention are crucial for patient survival.