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Profile of Cardiac Involvement in Children After Exposure to COVID-19

Munesh Tomar1, Maitri Chaudhuri2, Tanvi Goel3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. Correspondence to: Dr Munesh Tomar, Consultant, Pediatric Cardiologist, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 002. drmuneshtomar@gmail.com.

Indian Pediatrics
|March 10, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Post-COVID-19 in children, cardiac involvement is common and often undetected. Early echocardiography is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, leading to favorable outcomes and high survival rates in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has raised concerns about potential long-term health effects in children.
  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious condition associated with COVID-19, often involving cardiac complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency and types of cardiac issues in children following COVID-19 infection.
  • To assess the effectiveness of early diagnostic and treatment strategies for pediatric cardiac involvement post-COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study was performed at a tertiary care hospital in India.
  • Consecutive children with suspected MIS-C referred to cardiology services were included.
  • Cardiac assessments included echocardiography to identify abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Out of 111 children studied, 95.4% exhibited cardiac involvement.
  • Common abnormalities included coronary vasculopathy, pericardial effusion, ventricular dysfunction, and pulmonary hypertension.
  • The survival rate post-treatment was 99%, with most cardiac parameters improving.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac involvement following COVID-19 in children can be asymptomatic and requires specific evaluation.
  • Early echocardiography is vital for timely diagnosis, management, and achieving positive outcomes in pediatric MIS-C.
  • Prompt intervention significantly improves cardiac function and survival rates.
Abstract

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