Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses
09:43

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses

Published on: March 8, 2024

1.8K

Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Pediatric Population and Implications for Intensive Care Management

Juliana Romano1, Eric Wilsterman1, Megan Toal1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, M508, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Critical Care Clinics
|March 10, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a serious condition that can occur after certain cancer treatments. Early recognition and treatment are vital for managing its potentially severe symptoms, especially those affecting the heart and lungs.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) presents a wide range of clinical manifestations, from mild fever to life-threatening multiorgan failure.
  • CRS is most frequently associated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy but is also observed with other immunotherapies and following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of awareness for timely diagnosis and management of CRS.
  • To inform critical care providers about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for CRS, particularly concerning cardiopulmonary complications.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current understanding of CRS pathophysiology and clinical presentation.
  • It emphasizes the diagnostic challenges posed by nonspecific symptoms and the need for vigilance.

Main Results:

  • CRS severity is variable, ranging from isolated fever to severe systemic illness.
  • Cardiopulmonary involvement is a significant risk, necessitating critical care expertise.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition of CRS is crucial for effective intervention.
  • Current therapeutic strategies involve immunosuppression and targeted cytokine-modulating therapies.

Keywords:
CAR-TCytokine release syndrome (CRS)Pediatric intensive care

More Related Videos

Using Reference Reagents to Confirm Robustness of Cytokine Release Assays for the Prediction of Monoclonal Antibody Safety06:37

Using Reference Reagents to Confirm Robustness of Cytokine Release Assays for the Prediction of Monoclonal Antibody Safety

Published on: September 15, 2023

690
Assessment of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Associated Toxicities Using an Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model06:08

Assessment of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Associated Toxicities Using an Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model

Published on: February 10, 2023

1.4K

Related Concept Videos

Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic...
208
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
41
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
13
Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
22
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
1.1K
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
52