Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2025
10:26
Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
4.0K
Fixed mindset and imposter phenomenon: Determining the correlation and prevalence among pharmacy students
Allison M Kenneally1, Aric Schadler2, Jeff Cain3
1Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky Healthcare, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning
|March 10, 2023
Summary
Pharmacy students experience high rates of imposter phenomenon (IP) and growth mindsets. A correlation exists between fixed mindsets and higher IP scores, informing potential interventions for student wellbeing.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Psychology in Education
- Student Wellbeing
Background:
- Imposter phenomenon (IP) and fixed vs. growth mindsets are prevalent among pharmacy students.
- Understanding these psychological factors is crucial for student support.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine the prevalence of IP and mindsets in pharmacy students.
- Identify factors influencing these traits.
- Examine the correlation between mindsets and IP.
Main Methods:
- Survey administered to pharmacy students (N=UK College of Pharmacy).
- Utilized Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) and Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale (ITIS).
- Statistical analyses included descriptive and inferential methods.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of IP reported (30% moderate, 68.2% frequent/intense).
- Majority (59.6%) exhibited a growth mindset.
- Male gender associated with lower IP scores (p=.006).
- Significant negative correlation between growth mindset (lower ITIS) and IP (higher CIPS) scores (r=-0.221, P<.001).
Conclusions:
- Pharmacy students show high rates of IP and growth mindsets.
- Fixed mindsets correlate with increased imposter phenomenon.
- Findings can guide interventions to enhance student wellbeing.
Related Concept Videos
02:09Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.7K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.7K
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.4K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.4K
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
39.1K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
39.1K
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
01:54The Placebo Effect
6.2K
The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
6.2K
01:14Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K