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Related Concept Videos

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

4.0K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.0K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

8.5K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
8.5K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins01:22

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins

7.3K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
7.3K
Rab Proteins01:14

Rab Proteins

4.0K
Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
4.0K
Rab Cascades01:25

Rab Cascades

2.7K
Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
2.7K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

5.7K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.7K

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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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IqgD is a Rac1-interacting IQGAP required for efficient growth of Dictyostelium discoideum on bacterial lawns.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS·2026
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Queue Gaps Among the IQGAPs in <i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i>.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
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Actin dynamics controlled by IqgC, a RasGAP at the crossroads between the IQGAP and fungal GAP1 families.

FEBS open bio·2025
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The IQGAP-related RasGAP IqgC regulates cell-substratum adhesion in Dictyostelium discoideum.

Cellular & molecular biology letters·2025
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Oscillatory dynamics of Rac1 activity in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae.

PLoS computational biology·2024
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IqgC is a potent regulator of macropinocytosis in the presence of NF1 and its loading to macropinosomes is dependent on RasG.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Detection of Small GTPase Prenylation and GTP Binding Using Membrane Fractionation and GTPase-linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Detection of Small GTPase Prenylation and GTP Binding Using Membrane Fractionation and GTPase-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: November 11, 2018

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Rho GTPases in Model Systems.

Vedrana Filić1, Igor Weber1

  • 1Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Cells
|March 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Rho GTPases are key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton and cell motility. Ongoing research continues to uncover their complex roles in cellular processes.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Rho GTPases have been studied for 30 years for their role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton.
  • They are central to research on cell motility.

Discussion:

  • Further investigation into Rho GTPase signaling pathways is crucial.
  • Understanding these pathways can reveal new therapeutic targets.

Key Insights:

  • Rho GTPases are fundamental regulators of cell shape and movement.
  • Their involvement extends to various cellular functions beyond motility.

Outlook:

  • Future research will likely focus on the intricate networks and specific functions of Rho GTPase family members.
  • Exploring their roles in disease pathogenesis offers promising avenues for therapeutic development.

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Last Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Detection of Small GTPase Prenylation and GTP Binding Using Membrane Fractionation and GTPase-linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Comparing the Affinity of GTPase-binding Proteins using Competition Assays
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RhoC GTPase Activation Assay
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