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Amniotic Membrane Biopolymer for Regenerative Medicine
Evgeny Milyudin1, Larisa Teodorovna Volova1, Ksenia E Kuchuk1
1Biotechnology Center "Biotech", Samara State Medical University, 443079 Samara, Russia.
Polymers
|March 11, 2023
Summary
Decellularizing amniotic membrane scaffolds without glycerol preserves native biological components. Lyophilization without glycerol yields superior biopolymer scaffolds for medical applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Biopolymers from amniotic membranes offer advantages over synthetics due to their 2D structure and biological activity.
- Decellularization is increasingly used to prepare amniotic membrane scaffolds.
- Optimizing decellularization methods is crucial for preserving the biomaterial's integrity and bioactivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the microstructure and biological components of amniotic membrane biopolymers prepared using different decellularization and processing methods.
- To identify the optimal method for producing decellularized amniotic membrane scaffolds with preserved biological properties.
Main Methods:
- Studied 157 amniotic membrane samples across three groups with varying treatments: glycerol impregnation/drying, glycerol impregnation/lyophilization, and lyophilization without glycerol.
- Decellularization was achieved using low-frequency ultrasound (24-40 kHz).
- Morphological analysis employed light and scanning electron microscopy; biochemical analysis utilized Raman spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- Lyophilization without prior glycerol impregnation resulted in more complete decellularization and preserved biomaterial structure.
- Raman spectroscopy revealed significant differences in amide, glycogen, and proline spectral lines in samples processed without glycerol.
- Glycerol-specific spectral lines were absent in samples lyophilized without glycerol, indicating preservation of native amniotic membrane components.
Conclusions:
- Decellularization of amniotic membrane via lyophilization without glycerol impregnation is superior for preserving the native biological composition and structure.
- This method yields a biopolymer scaffold with enhanced biological characteristics for potential medical applications.
