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Chronic stress induced loudness hyperacusis, sound avoidance and auditory cortex hyperactivity.

Senthilvelan Manohar1, Guang-Di Chen1, Li Li1

  • 1Center for Hearing and Deafness, 137 Cary Hall, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.

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|March 11, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic stress, induced by corticosterone (CORT), caused hyperacusis and sound avoidance in rats. This suggests stress may lead to adrenal insufficiency, a condition that can trigger hyperacusis.

Keywords:
Auditory cortexChronic stressCochleaCorticosteroneGlucocorticoid receptorHyperactivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Science
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperacusis is a loudness intolerance disorder linked to stress.
  • Adrenal insufficiency is a potential contributing factor to hyperacusis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal role of chronic stress in inducing hyperacusis.
  • To explore the underlying neural and physiological mechanisms of stress-induced hyperacusis.

Main Methods:

  • Rats received chronic corticosterone (CORT) treatment to model chronic stress.
  • Behavioral tests assessed loudness and sound avoidance hyperacusis.
  • Auditory function was evaluated using otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses.
  • Auditory cortex activity and glucocorticoid receptor expression were measured.
  • Serum CORT levels were assessed under basal and acute stress conditions.

Main Results:

  • Chronic CORT administration induced behavioral hyperacusis and sound avoidance.
  • Cochlear and brainstem auditory functions remained intact.
  • Auditory cortex responses significantly increased, correlating with elevated glucocorticoid receptors.
  • Chronic stress blunted reactive serum CORT levels, indicating altered adrenal response.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic stress can directly induce hyperacusis and sound avoidance behaviors.
  • The auditory cortex shows hyperactivity, suggesting a central mechanism.
  • Chronic stress may induce a state of subclinical adrenal insufficiency, predisposing individuals to hyperacusis.