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Vitamin B12 levels in thyroid disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Vicente A Benites-Zapata1,2, Felipe L Ignacio-Cconchoy1, Juan R Ulloque-Badaracco3
1Doctorado en Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|March 13, 2023
Summary
Patients with hypothyroidism have lower vitamin B12 levels. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in hypothyroidism but not significantly linked to hyperthyroidism or autoimmune thyroid disease.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Thyroid disorders (TD) are frequently associated with vitamin deficiencies.
- Vitamin B12 deficiency can be linked to reduced absorption, indicated by anti-parietal cell antibodies.
Approach:
- A meta-analysis of 64 studies (n=28597) was performed.
- Pooled frequencies and mean differences in vitamin B12 levels were calculated.
Key Points:
- Hypothyroidism patients showed significantly lower serum vitamin B12 levels compared to healthy individuals.
- No significant differences in vitamin B12 levels were found in patients with hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), or subclinical hypothyroidism (SH).
- Vitamin B12 deficiency frequencies were 27% in hypothyroidism, 6% in hyperthyroidism, 27% in SH, and 18% in AITD.
Conclusions:
- Hypothyroidism is associated with reduced serum vitamin B12 levels.
- Vitamin B12 levels do not significantly differ between healthy individuals and those with hyperthyroidism, AITD, or SH.
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