T/Myeloid Mixed-Phenotype Acute Leukemia with Basophilia

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Leukemia Research

Background:

• Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare, heterogeneous acute leukemia characterized by co-expression of multiple cell lineages.
• MPAL subtypes include T/myeloid, B/myeloid, B/T-lymphoid, and trilineage B/T/myeloid.

Observation:

• A rare case of T/Myeloid bilineage MPAL presenting with basophilia was observed.
• The case exhibited puzzling morphological features due to two distinct blast populations, posing diagnostic challenges.

Findings:

• Diagnosis of T/Myeloid MPAL with basophilia was established through integrated diagnostics.
• This represents the first reported case of this specific MPAL subtype with basophilia.

Implications:

• Emphasizes the critical role of integrated diagnostic work-up, including flow cytometry, for complex MPAL cases.
• Highlights the importance of considering rare presentations in acute leukemia diagnosis.