Modelling of demolition waste generation: Application to Greek residential buildings

The construction sector in Europe is among the biggest waste generators, producing 370 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste (CDW) every year, which contain important secondary materials. Quantification of CDW is important from their circular management and environmental impact point of view. Thus, the overall objective of this study was to develop a modelling methodology for estimating demolition waste (DW) generation. The volumes (m³) of individual construction materials contained in 45 residential buildings in Greece were accurately estimated using computer-aided design (CAD) software and the materials were classified according to European List of Waste. These materials will become waste upon demolition, with a total estimated generation rate of 1590 kg m^-2 of top view area and with concrete and bricks representing 74.5% of total. Linear regression models were developed to predict the total and individual amounts of 12 different building materials based on structural building characteristics. To test the accuracy of the models, the materials of two residential buildings were quantified and classified and the results were compared with the model predictions. Depending on the model used, the % differences between models' predictions and CAD estimates for total DW averaged 11.1% ± 7.4% for the first case study and 2.5% ± 1.5% for the second. The models can be used for accurate quantification of total and individual DW and their management within the framework of circular economy.