Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Elaborative Rehearsals01:07

Elaborative Rehearsals

114
Elaborative rehearsal is a crucial cognitive strategy that strengthens information encoding in long-term memory by making meaningful connections between new data and pre-existing knowledge. This approach contrasts with maintenance rehearsal, which involves simple repetition without delving into the significance of the information. While maintenance rehearsal might temporarily keep information active in short-term memory, it is less effective for long-term retention.
The effectiveness of...
114
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

264
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
264
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

162
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
162
Autobiographical Memory01:14

Autobiographical Memory

5.7K
Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This...
5.7K
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

182
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
182
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

570
Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
570

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Test delay and change awareness moderate retroactive and proactive memory effects.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same author

Graduated exposure to traumatic events decreases distress during prolonged exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal of behavioral medicine·2026
Same author

Memory-based similar lure rejections promote subsequent memory for relative recency.

Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Towards a unified theory of false memory for similar episodes.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

A role for context-cued study-phase retrievals in episodic memory updating.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same author

Mnemonic discrimination language evinces recollection rejection of similar lures.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

9.9K

Stuck in the past? Rumination-related memory integration.

Paula T Hertel1, Christopher N Wahlheim2, William A Price1

  • 1Trinity University, USA.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|March 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals prone to rumination can better recall benign reinterpretations when they remember the original ruminative memory. This suggests ruminative memories may aid in updating negative thought patterns.

Keywords:
IntegrationInterferenceMemoryRumination

More Related Videos

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

211
Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

34.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

9.9K
An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

211
Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

34.1K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Rumination, characterized by repetitive negative thinking, captures attention and resists modification.
  • Memory updating research indicates that integrating new information with existing memories can be challenging.
  • Benign reinterpretations of ruminative concerns may be facilitated by their association with the original negative memories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether remembering ruminative memories facilitates the recall of associated benign reinterpretations.
  • To explore the role of individual ruminative tendencies in this memory updating process.
  • To examine how memory for changes between original and updated information impacts recall.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments utilized imagery tasks with college undergraduates screened for ruminative status.
  • Participants studied and imaged ruminative cue-target word pairs, followed by re-pairing cues with benign targets.
  • Recall tests assessed memory for benign targets and the ability to distinguish between repeated and changed information.

Main Results:

  • When participants recalled the change from ruminative to benign targets, benign target recall was facilitated, especially in high ruminators.
  • Proactive interference affected benign target recall when changes were not remembered, irrespective of ruminative status.
  • In a free recall test, ruminators recalled both original and updated targets more frequently.

Conclusions:

  • Remembering the original ruminative memory can act as a retrieval cue for associated benign reinterpretations.
  • This memory updating mechanism appears particularly effective for individuals with higher ruminative tendencies.
  • Findings suggest a potential pathway for leveraging ruminative memory structures to facilitate cognitive reappraisal and emotional regulation.