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In Situ Detecting Thermal Stability of Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI).

Jipeng Wu1, Suting Weng2, Xiao Zhang1

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) decomposes easily, releasing flammable gases. Creating an inorganic-rich SEI enhances battery stability and safety.

Keywords:
in situ heating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)lithium-ion batteriessolid electrolyte interphasethermal runaway

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for ion transport and safety in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
  • SEI instability leads to decomposition, generating heat and gases, which can trigger thermal runaway.
  • Understanding SEI thermal decomposition is vital for improving LIB safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intrinsic thermal decomposition process of the SEI layer in LIBs.
  • To analyze the compositional and nanostructural evolution of SEI during heating.
  • To identify gases released during SEI decomposition and their relation to thermal runaway.

Main Methods:

  • In situ heating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study SEI decomposition.
  • Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) for nanostructure analysis.
  • Gas chromatography (GC) to identify released gases.

Main Results:

  • Organic SEI components decompose even at room temperature, releasing flammable gases like H₂, CO, and C₂H₄.
  • Heat treatment results in an inorganic-rich SEI composed of Li₂O, LiF, and Li₂CO₃.
  • The residual inorganic SEI exhibits enhanced stability and a beneficial nanostructure.

Conclusions:

  • SEI's organic components are thermally unstable, contributing to LIB safety hazards.
  • An inorganic-rich SEI structure offers improved thermal stability.
  • Developing strategies for inorganics-rich SEI formation can significantly enhance LIB safety and prevent thermal runaway.