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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Human Egg Maturity Assessment and Its Clinical Application
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Human Egg Maturity Assessment and Its Clinical Application

Published on: August 19, 2019

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Assisted oocyte activation does not overcome recurrent embryo developmental problems.

A Cardona Barberán1, D Bonte1, A Boel1

  • 1Ghent-Fertility and Stem Cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.

Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assisted oocyte activation (AOA) did not improve blastocyst formation in patients with recurrent embryo developmental issues after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Further research is needed to explore genetic causes and personalized treatments for these complex cases.

Keywords:
assisted oocyte activationembryo developmental problemsgenetic screeningintracytoplasmic sperm injectionmouse oocyte calcium analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Embryology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Assisted oocyte activation (AOA) using ionophores can overcome fertilization failure by inducing calcium rises.
  • Its efficacy in improving embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in cases of recurrent developmental problems is unclear.
  • Poor embryo development post-ICSI is also potentially linked to genetic defects in subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if assisted oocyte activation (AOA) can overcome recurrent embryo developmental problems after ICSI.
  • To compare ICSI-AOA cycles with previous ICSI cycles in couples with normal fertilization but impaired embryonic development.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study compared 17 ICSI-AOA cycles with 44 previous ICSI cycles in 42 couples.
  • Methods included CaCl2 injection and ionomycin exposure for AOA, mouse oocyte calcium analysis, and genetic screening of SCMC genes and PLCZ1.

Main Results:

  • ICSI-AOA cycles did not show significant improvements in blastocyst formation (13.74% vs 9.35%) or live birth rates (23.53% vs 15.91%) compared to previous ICSI cycles.
  • Sperm-induced calcium patterns were normal, but genetic screening revealed variants of uncertain significance in SCMC genes and a PLCZ1 mutation in one male patient.

Conclusions:

  • Assisted oocyte activation (AOA) did not enhance blastocyst formation in patients with recurrent embryo developmental problems after ICSI.
  • Evidence supporting AOA for impaired embryonic development remains limited; it should be reserved for clear Ca2+-release deficiencies.
  • Further genetic screening may identify novel causes and guide personalized treatment strategies.