Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

4.6K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.6K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:37

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

9.2K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.2K
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

35.5K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
35.5K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

6.7K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.7K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
3.8K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

14.7K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
14.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Novel Therapeutic Approach: Gamma Secretase Inhibitor Enhances Radiotherapy and Checkpoint Blockade Therapy via Reprogramming of the Tumor Microenvironment.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Pretargeted <sup>177</sup>Lu/<sup>225</sup>Ac combination therapy of colorectal cancer.

Theranostics·2026
Same author

Radiation Oncology-Biology Integration Network: Bridging the Gap between Biological Research and Clinical Practice.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2026
Same author

Analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment of irradiated brain tumors by flow cytometry.

Methods in cell biology·2025
Same author

Dual blockade of PD-1 and CTLA-4 generates long-lasting immunity against irradiated glioblastoma.

Cancer letters·2025
Same author

SITC strategic vision: prevention, premalignant immunity, host and environmental factors.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
14:57

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53

Published on: August 4, 2019

9.6K

p53 regulates the mitochondrial immune checkpoint.

Claire Vanpouille-Box1, Lorenzo Galluzzi2

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Trends in Immunology
|March 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Tumor protein p53 regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and type I interferon production. It also directs mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-degrading enzymes for proteasomal processing, impacting immunity.

Keywords:
BAXBCL2DNA-damage responseTRIM24apoptosis

More Related Videos

Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells
10:55

Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells

Published on: March 21, 2022

2.2K
Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

388

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
14:57

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53

Published on: August 4, 2019

9.6K
Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells
10:55

Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells

Published on: March 21, 2022

2.2K
Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

388

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) is essential for releasing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol.
  • Cytosolic mtDNA activates innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • The role of tumor protein p53 in regulating these processes is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of tumor protein p53 in regulating MOMP-dependent type I interferon (IFN) production.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which p53 influences mtDNA release and degradation.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved experiments assessing MOMP, type I IFN production, and mtDNA levels in cells with varying p53 status.
  • Methods may include Western blotting, ELISA, quantitative PCR, and nuclease assays.
  • Proteasomal degradation pathways were likely investigated.

Main Results:

  • Tumor protein p53 was found to regulate MOMP, influencing type I IFN production.
  • p53 also directs mtDNA-degrading exonucleases towards proteasomal degradation.
  • These dual functions of p53 impact the immune response initiated by mtDNA.

Conclusions:

  • Tumor protein p53 plays a multifaceted role in immunity by controlling both MOMP and mtDNA degradation.
  • p53's regulation of mtDNA processing is crucial for fine-tuning immune signaling.
  • These findings offer new insights into the interplay between mitochondria, p53, and the immune system.