Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management
Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
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A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
Published on: September 13, 2022
Hamidreza Nasseh1, Gholamreza Mokhtari1, Samira Ghasemi2
1Urology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Urinary tract infections and prior kidney surgeries increase bleeding risk during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). History of open surgery, nephrostomy, and ESWL are key risk factors for blood loss in PNL patients.
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