Antipsychotic effects of lithium in schizophrenia

The lithium carbonate therapy of 13 psychotic schizophrenic patients was evaluated in a placebo-controlled three-week study that was double-blind. Seven of the 13 patients were less psychotic while receiving lithium; 4 of these 7 patients relapsed after lithium withdrawal. Patients who improved during the third week on lithium could be differentiated from nonresponders on the basis of their improvement during the first week. Clinical factors such as diagnosis, prognosis, and symptoms failed to predict responders from nonresponders. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first controlled study to yield positive results with schizophrenic patients treated with lithium alone.