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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.2K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.2K
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.1K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

382
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
382

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High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings
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Single-photon detection using high-temperature superconductors.

I Charaev1,2, D A Bandurin3, A T Bollinger4

  • 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. ilya.charaev@physik.uzh.ch.

Nature Nanotechnology
|March 21, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed high-temperature superconducting nanowires for single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). These novel detectors operate at higher temperatures, reducing the need for expensive cryocoolers in quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics and Photonics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Single-photon detection is crucial for quantum communication, imaging, and sensing.
  • Superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) offer high efficiency and speed but require cryogenic cooling.
  • Conventional SNSPDs necessitate costly cryocoolers, limiting their widespread application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize high-temperature superconducting nanowires for SNSPD applications.
  • To investigate the feasibility of SNSPD operation at temperatures above the liquid helium limit.
  • To expand the material options for SNSPD technology.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of two types of high-temperature superconducting nanowires: Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ thin flakes and La1.55Sr0.45CuO4/La2CuO4 bilayer films.
  • Testing SNSPDs fabricated from these materials at telecommunications wavelengths (1.5 μm).
  • Analysis of photon count rate versus radiation power to confirm single-photon operation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated single-photon operation for SNSPDs made from Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ up to 25 K.
  • Observed single-photon response for SNSPDs from La1.55Sr0.45CuO4/La2CuO4 up to 8 K.
  • Confirmed linear scaling of photon count rate with radiation power, indicating single-photon sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully developed high-temperature superconducting nanowires enabling SNSPD operation beyond the liquid helium temperature range.
  • This advancement significantly reduces the cooling requirements and associated costs for single-photon detection systems.
  • The findings suggest potential for even higher operating temperatures with other high-temperature superconductors, broadening SNSPD applicability.