Patients' and primary carers' views on clozapine treatment for schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study in Qatar

Subjective views of clozapine treatment among patients with schizophrenia in the Middle East and North African MENA Region have not previously been assessed. Globally, few studies have assessed the views of carers to clozapine treatment. We conducted a cross-sectional survey, using a clinician administered structured interview, of patients with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder prescribed clozapine in Qatar, and their primary carers. Participants were asked to rate clozapine against prior their antipsychotic treatment in terms of specific benefits and side effects. Forty-two patients and 33 carers participated in the study. Of the patients, two thirds were male, approximately half were Qatari and the mean age was 33.9 years. Patients and carers rated clozapine as superior to prior antipsychotic treatment on all 7 potential benefits inquired about. The greatest perceived benefit was improved mood. Patients rated clozapine as less likely to cause extrapyramidal side effects but more likely to cause 18 other potential side effects compared to prior antipsychotic treatment, with the greatest difference being for nocturnal salivation, increased appetite, and constipation. Nearly half of patients (48 %) and two thirds of carers (64 %) stated that they would have preferred to start clozapine earlier in their illness. Sixty percent of patients and 37 % of carers regarded the information that they had received from health professionals on clozapine as inadequate. Less than half of patients and approximately-two thirds of carers had adequate knowledge of haematological monitoring for clozapine. Generally, there were significantly positive correlation between patients and carers regarding the overall side effects of clozapine treatment. Likewise, improvement in hearing voices paranoid thoughts correlated with improved quality of life. In summary, the results show that patients and carers appreciate the benefits of clozapine despite its side effects being problematic. The results support clozapine being offered earlier in treatment and services providing more information on clozapine to patients and carers.