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Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in a sub-Saharan African country
Elie Nkwabong1, Dorine Atangana Mvodo2, Jeanne Fouedjio3
1Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences & University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Tropical Doctor
|March 21, 2023
Summary
Identifying risk factors for ectopic pregnancy (EP) is crucial. Key risks include prior EP, infertility, early sexual debut, chlamydia, multiple partners, emergency contraception, and unemployment.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Gynecology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.
- Understanding risk factors is essential for effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify independent risk factors for ectopic pregnancy (EP) using a case-control study design.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted from February 1 to May 31, 2019.
- Cases with EP (n=93) were compared to controls without EP from a total of 3421 pregnancies.
Main Results:
- Independent risk factors for EP included: previous EP, history of infertility, first sexual intercourse before age 15, prior chlamydia infection, multiple sexual partners (≥3), use of levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive pills, and unemployment.
Conclusions:
- Adolescent girls require counseling on risks associated with early sexual activity and multiple sexual partnerships.
- Public health initiatives should address identified risk factors to reduce EP incidence.
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