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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antithrombotic medications, including antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants, are crucial for managing cardiovascular conditions.
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding is a significant adverse event associated with antithrombotic therapy.
  • Gastrointestinal prophylaxis is frequently considered for patients on these medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review current evidence and recommendations for gastrointestinal prophylaxis in patients receiving antithrombotic medications.
  • To address the scarcity of guidelines on concurrent use of gastrointestinal protective agents with antithrombotic regimens.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding gastrointestinal prophylaxis strategies.
  • Evaluation of recommendations for patients on single or combination antithrombotic therapy.

Main Results:

  • Evidence and specific recommendations for gastrointestinal prophylaxis in patients on antithrombotic therapy are limited.
  • Proton pump inhibitors and histamine 2 receptor antagonists are common methods for gastrointestinal prophylaxis.
  • The review synthesizes available data to inform clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • Further research and clearer guidelines are needed for optimal gastrointestinal prophylaxis in patients on antithrombotic medications.
  • Clinicians should carefully consider the risks and benefits of gastrointestinal prophylaxis for individual patients.
  • This review provides a foundation for understanding current practices and identifying knowledge gaps.