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Updated: Aug 6, 2025

The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test
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Triadic influence as a proxy for compatibility in social relationships.

Miguel Ruiz-García1,2,3, Juan Ozaita3, María Pereda2,4

  • 1Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Triadic influence, a simple metric, accurately predicts social network relationships, outperforming personal traits. This finding offers a quantitative approach to understanding social dynamics and network evolution.

Keywords:
machine learningrelationship predictionsocial networkstriadic influence

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Area of Science:

  • Social network analysis
  • Computational social science
  • Network science

Background:

  • Social interactions form the basis of civilizations.
  • Understanding relationship dynamics (friendships, enmities) is crucial but scientifically challenging.
  • Large-scale social network data with individual attributes are difficult to obtain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively study the formation and evolution of social networks.
  • To investigate the predictive power of individual attributes and network structure on relationship signs.
  • To introduce and evaluate a novel metric for social influence within networks.

Main Methods:

  • Collected data from 13 schools, encompassing over 3,000 students and 60,000 declared relationships.
  • Introduced 'triadic influence' metric to quantify the impact of neighbors on relationships.
  • Employed neural networks and high-dimensional embeddings to predict relationship signs (friend/enemy).

Main Results:

  • Triadic influence alone achieved the highest accuracy in predicting relationship signs.
  • Incorporating personal attributes did not significantly improve prediction accuracy.
  • Triadic influence appears to serve as a proxy for social compatibility.

Conclusions:

  • Triadic influence is a powerful predictor of social network evolution.
  • Network structure, particularly triadic influence, may be more critical than individual traits in relationship formation.
  • This work opens new avenues for the quantitative study of social systems.