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Generalized contextual control based on nonarbitrary and arbitrary transfer of stimulus functions.

William F Perez1,2, Colin Harte1,2,3, Dermot Barnes-Holmes4

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Contextual control influences how humans transfer learned functions based on arbitrary or nonarbitrary stimulus relations. This study demonstrates how framing stimuli can alter function transfer, with implications for behavioral analysis.

Keywords:
Cfuncadultscontextual controldefusionequivalence relationsmultiple-exemplar trainingtransfer of function

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Stimulus Control
  • Equivalence Relations

Background:

  • Understanding how humans learn and generalize is crucial in behavioral psychology.
  • Contextual control plays a significant role in shaping stimulus-response relationships.
  • Previous research has explored function transfer but less is known about contextual modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of contextual control in function transfer based on arbitrary versus nonarbitrary stimulus relations.
  • To determine if different frames (black vs. gray) could cue different types of function transfer.
  • To examine the generalization of contextual control to novel stimuli and responses.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments involving human adults.
  • Multiple-exemplar training to establish discriminative functions for visual stimuli (lines).
  • Training and testing equivalence classes with 3D pictures and line forms.
  • Introducing contextual stimuli (frames) to cue function transfer based on nonarbitrary (physical) or arbitrary (equivalence) relations.

Main Results:

  • Contextual control was successfully established, demonstrating that frames could selectively cue function transfer.
  • The black frame facilitated transfer based on nonarbitrary relations, while the gray frame cued transfer based on equivalence relations.
  • Experiment 2 showed that this contextual control generalized to new equivalence classes and response types.

Conclusions:

  • Human function transfer is susceptible to contextual control, allowing for flexible behavioral adaptation.
  • Framing stimuli can be used to manipulate the type of stimulus relations that guide behavior.
  • Findings have implications for understanding and potentially modifying clinically relevant phenomena like defusion.