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Yoga Module Development and Validation: A Systematic Review with Methodological Guidelines.

Naresh Katla1, Atmika Ramsahaye2, Arun Thulasi2

  • 1Division of Yoga and Physical Sciences, S-VYASA, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

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Summary

This review highlights the need for standardized yoga module development. A new checklist reveals most therapeutic yoga programs lack high-quality validation and standardization.

Keywords:
Developmentfeasibilityguidelinesmodulevalidationyoga

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Mind-Body Therapies

Background:

  • Over fifty yoga styles are used therapeutically, but many lack validation.
  • Standardized yoga programs are crucial for consistent therapeutic outcomes.
  • Current development and validation methods for yoga interventions vary widely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methodologies for therapeutic yoga module development.
  • To assess the quality of existing yoga intervention programs.
  • To introduce a quality assessment checklist for yoga modules.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 37 articles from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus.
  • Development of a 23-item checklist to assess yoga module quality (low, medium, high).
  • Analysis of common development and validation techniques used in yoga research.

Main Results:

  • Only 21.6% of reviewed yoga modules were of high quality; 75.3% were medium quality, and 8.11% were low quality.
  • Literature review was common for development, and expert Likert scale scoring for validation.
  • Module feasibility was assessed in only half of the studies.

Conclusions:

  • There is a significant need for standardized methods in therapeutic yoga module development.
  • The developed 23-item checklist can guide researchers toward more homogeneous development strategies.
  • Future research should focus on rigorous validation and standardization of yoga interventions for various diseases.